laugh现在分词
中高考英语语法丨不定式、动名词作宾语用法要点！,下面一起来看看本站小编一枝寒梅初中英语数学给大家精心整理的答案，希望对您有帮助
决心学会想希望,，拒绝设法愿假装。
主动答应选计划， 同意请求帮一帮。
Decide ,determine, learn, want, expect , hope ,wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer,promise, choose, plan, agree, ask , beg, help
此外，afford, strive (斗争)等也要用不定式作宾语。例如:
①She pretended not to see me when I passed by.
② We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
③ In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companiesare striving to make their producs more competitive.
考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。
避免错过继续练，否认完成停欣赏，
不禁介意准逃亡。
consider ,suggest ,advise, look forward to,excuse, pardon, admit, delay, put off, fancy,avoid, miss, keep ,keep on, practise, deny,finish, enjoy , appreciate, can't help, mind, allowpermit, escape, imagine, forbid, risk
此外be used to, look forward to, lead to, devoteto, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attentionto, can't stand (无法忍受)，give up, feel like, insiston, put off thank you for, apologize for, be busy(in), have difficulty / trouble (in), have a goodwonderful /hard time (in)等动词词组也要用动名词作宾语。
①The squirrels was lucky that they just missedbeing caught.
②l can hardly imagine Peter sailing across theAtlantic Ocean in five days.
l would appreciate your calling back thisafternoon.
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事
forgetdoing sth.忘记已经做过某事
remember to do sth. 记住去做某事
remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事
regret to do sth. 后悔/遗憾去做某事 regretdoing sth.后悔做过某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 stopdoing sth.停止做一件事情
try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事
try doingsth.尝试着做某事
mean to do sth. 意欲/想/企图做某事 meandoing sth.意味着做某事
go on to do sth. (做完某事)接着做另一件事go ondoing sth. 继续做同一件事(=go on with sth.)
can't help to do sth.不能帮助做某事
can't helpdoing sth.情不自禁地做某事
2.动词like, love, prefer后接不定式或动名词作宾语均可。 如表示经常性的行为可用动名词，如表示具体的行为常用动词不定式。但要注意: 如果like,love, prefer前有would /should后面则应接动词不定式。如:
like swimming, but l don't like to swim thisafternoon.
I'd like to go swimming this weekend.
3.在动词allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。 即:
allow / advise /forbid / permit doing sth.
allow / advise /forbid / permit sb. to do sth.如: We don't allow smoking here.
We don't allow students to smoke.
4.动词need, require, want作“需要'解时，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语， 表示事情需要做。这时动名词的主动式表示被动意义。 be worth后必须用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。此外，若动词need表“需要”，require表“要求”，want表“想要"这些意义时，其后须接名词或代词作宾语，然后接不定式作宾语补足语。即:
need , require , want doing 1 to be done
need / require , want sb. to do sth.
be worth + n. (表示钱数或相当于钱数的名词)
be worth doing
be worthy of being done
be worthy of+ n.值得 .....
be worthy to be done
如:
1.窗户需要 擦一下：
①The window needs / requires / wants/cleaning.
②The window needs /requires / wants to be cleaned.
2. 那个地方值得去：
① The place is worth visiting.
② The place is worthy of a visit.
③The place is worthy of being visited.
④The place is worthy to be visited.
3.
①only one of these books is worth reading.
②一What do you think of the book?
Oh, excellent, It's worth reading a second time.
四，动词不定式作动词tell,show,understand,explain, teach, learn, advise, discuss, ask,decide, wonder, find out等词的宾语时，前面常带wh一引导词。即how, what, whether, where,when,who等+todo。但why+不带to的不定式。
注意此用法的不定式的逻辑主语需与主句的主语或宾语保持一致，否则用宾语从句。例如:He showed us how to do the work. (=He showed us how we should do the work.)
don't know what to do. (=I don't know what I'lldo.)
Can you tell me why do it?
五、动词不定式在介词but, other than后面时，如果介词之前有行为动词do的某种形式，那么介词后的不定式不带to,否则就要带to。另外在can'tchoose but, can't help but, can't but后面的不定式也要省略to。如:
We could do nothing but /other than wait.We had nothing to do but / other than wait.
We have no choice but to wait.
can't choose but laugh.
He sat down to have a rest.(表目的)
They went there to visit their teacher.他们去那里拜访老师。 (表目的)
He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.他醒来发现大家都走了。 (表示结果)
My grandmother lived to see the liberation ofChina.
我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。 (表示结果)
在某些形容词作表语，表示喜、怒、衷、乐，也常用不定式作状语，后跟不定式表示原因。如:
l am very glad to see you.我非常高兴地见到你。
l am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。
在带有enough或too的句子里，语， 表示程度。 如:
He was too excited not to say a few words.他太激动了，不会不讲几句话的。
He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。
She is too tired to do the job.她太累而不能做那件工作了。
注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时，动词不定式可用in order to (为了)或so as to (以便) +动词原形。 so as to不用于句首。
He got up early in order to catch the first bus.他早起为了赶上第一班车。
The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。
To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)
To tell you the truth, | have got no money about me.
To be honest, l know nothing about it. (修饰全句， 独立成分)
1.分词作状语时， 分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系， 否则不能使用分词作状语。
2 .分词作状语的句法功能。
分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、 条件、让步、 行为方式、伴随状况等。 表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出。如:
Hearing the news, they got excited. (时间)
Be careful while 1 when crossing the street. (时间)
Having been bitten by a snake, she wasfrightened at it. (原因)
Given a chance,I can surprise the world. (条件)The cup dropped to the ground, breaking intopieces. (结果)
Having been told many times, he still repeatedthe same mistake. (让步)
The teacher came into the lab, followed by somestudents. (伴随状况)
3.独立成分作状语。
有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受，上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有:
Generally speaking ... 一般说来 Franklyspeaking ..坦白地说
Judging from ... 根据....来判断 Considering ..考虑到....
To tell you the truth ... 说实话★非谓语动词其它用法
4. 疑问词+不定式结构
疑问词 (who, which, when, where, how, what等)
不定式，这个结构在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语。如:
I didn't know what to do. (宾语)
When to hold the meeting is not known yet. (主语)
My question was how to get SO many books. (表语)
注意句型: Why not do sth. ? Why do sth. ?
5. 不定式的主动和被动
不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。如:
Do you have a knife to cut the watermelon ? (Aknife cuts the watermelon.)
She has a sister to look after. (She looks afterher sister.)
l know what to do. (I do what.)
This book is difficult to understand.This kind of fish is nice to eat.
There is a lot of work to do. (Someone has to dothe work. )
There is a lot of work to be done. (The work hasto be done. )
请注意下面两个句子的含义的不同点:
There is nothing to do. (无事可做, 感到十分乏味。)
There is nothing to be done. (某东西坏了，无法使之恢复正常。)
有时为了避免重复，可以用to来代替前面的不定式，这种情况出现在下列动词之后: expect, hope,wish, mean, prefer, care, forget, want, try; 或出现在be glad / happy, would like / love等的后面。如果在省略的不定式结构中含有: be, have, havebeen, 这些词要保留。如:
l haven't been to Hong Kong, butI wish to.
Are you on holiday ?
No, but I'd like to be.
didn't tell him the news.我没有告诉他那个消息。
Oh,yououghttohave.噢，你本应该告诉他的
动名词或不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中常用动名词作主语。
Itis/wasnouse/good+doingsth.
Itis / was not any use / good + doing sth.It is / was of little use / good + doing sth.tis/wasuseless
如: It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。It is of little good staying up too late every day.每天都熬夜没有什么好处
若主语和表语都是非谓语动词，应保持形式上的致。
Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.
眼见为实。
falling leaves正在下落的树叶
fallen leaves已经落下的树叶
boiling water沸腾的水
boiled water烧开过的水
developing countries发展中国家 developedcountries发达国家
like swimming, but l don't like to swim this afternoon.
Her job is giving piano lessons to children, but this Sunday her job is to teach the children how to dance.
The girl let out a frightened cry at the sight ofthe snake. (The girl was frightened.看到蛇，女孩尖叫起来。
His frightening shout scared the boys.
* 用英语自身来理解和学习英语是最好的方式，这一系列的文章力求帮助大家在英语阅读能力上有所提升，并树立英语思维；* 推荐的阅读的方法是：先原文，适当看解析阅读，实在不行再看双语对照。* 解析中英语单词的音标使用Dictcom和IPA双音标标注，如果需要了解Dictcom音标，请参看我们的《dictionary.com所用的音标体系》一文。
Watching Three Movies at the Theater【译】在剧院看三部电影【单词】Watching 原型：watch 动词现在进行式或动名词 [woch][w?t?] v. 注视；看守；观看 n. 手表；监视；看守；值班【单词】Theater 原型：theater 名词 ['thee-uh-ter, theeuh-]['θ??t?] n. 剧场；电影院；戏院 adj. 战区的【专有名词】Movies ['moo-vee][mu?v?z] n. 电影；电影业；电影院 名词movie的复数形式.
Betty Gonzalez likes going to the movies.【译】贝蒂·冈萨雷斯喜欢看电影。【单词】movies 原型：movie 名词复数形式 ['moo-vee]['mu?vi] n. 电影【专有名词】Betty n. 贝蒂(女子名；Elizabeth 的昵称)【专有名词】Gonzalez n. 冈萨雷斯
She likes to wait until there are multiple movies she wants to see.【译】她喜欢等到有多部电影她想看的时候。【单词】wait 动词原形 [weyt][we?t] v. 等；等待 n. 等待；等候【单词】multiple 形容词 ['muhl-tuh-puh?l]['m?lt?pl] adj. 多种多样的；许多的 n. 倍数；并联
She'll usually go early in the day in order to see at least two movies.【译】她通常一天很早就去看至少两部电影。【短语】at least 至少；例句：At least, I asked him not to. 至少，我告诉过他不要这样做。【用法】in order to 意为“为了……”，表示目的；在用法和意义上相当于so as to结构，但是in order to结构可以用于句首、句中，而so as to多用于句中。其否定式分别为：in order not to 和so as not to。in order to在句中表示目的时，常可以转化成in order that。如：We should work hard in order to pass the exam.=We should work hard in order that we can pass the exam.【单词】least 形容词最高级 [leest][li?st] adj. 最小的；最少的 adv. 最小地；最少地；最轻微地 n. 最小；最少
Betty is proud that her record is seeing four movies in one day.【译】贝蒂很自豪她的唱片一天看四部电影。【单词】proud 形容词 [proud][pra?d] adj. 自豪的；自尊的；自傲的；壮观盛大的
She usually sneaks in snacks to eat at the movie theater.【译】她通常偷偷地在电影院吃零食。【单词】sneaks 原型：sneak 动词一般现在时（第三人称单数） [sneek][sni?k] vt. 偷偷摸摸做 vi. 偷偷地走；偷偷地做 n. 鬼鬼祟祟的人；潜行；溜 adj. 出其不意的；暗中进行的 sneaked / snuck sneaked /【单词】snacks 原型：snack 名词复数形式 [snak][sn?k] n. 小吃；点心 vi. 吃点心【单词】eat 动词原形 [eet][i?t] v. 吃；吃饭；喝【单词】movie 名词 ['moo-vee]['mu?vi] n. 电影【单词】theater 名词 ['thee-uh-ter, 'theeuh-]['θ??t?] n. 剧场；电影院；戏院 adj. 战区的
Betty doesn't care if no one wants to go with her; she'll go alone and have fun.【译】贝蒂不在乎有没有人愿意和她一起去，她会一个人去玩的。【单词】fun 形容词 [fuhn][f?n] n. 乐趣；玩笑 adj. 有趣的
It was Saturday morning.【译】那是星期六早上。【专有名词】Saturday 日期 ['sat-er-dey, -dee]['s?t?de?] n. 星期六
Betty saw that there were three movies she wanted to see showing at the theater.【译】贝蒂看到有三部电影她想在剧院放映。
Betty got her purse and made herself two sandwiches, bought a soda, got her sweater, and went to the movies.【译】贝蒂拿了她的钱包，给自己做了两个三明治，买了汽水，买了毛衣，然后去看电影。【单词】purse 名词 [purs][p??s] n. 钱包；小钱袋；(获奖)奖金 vt. 皱起；放进钱包【单词】sandwiches 原型：sandwich 名词复数形式 ['sand-wich, 'san-]['s?nw?t?] n. 三明治 vt. 插入；夹在中间【单词】soda 名词 ['soh-duh]['s??d?] n. 汽水；苏打【单词】sweater 名词 ['swet-er]['swet?] n. 毛衣；出汗者
After she had seen two of the movies, she bought a soda and was going to sneak into the next movie.【译】看完两部电影后，她买了一瓶汽水，准备偷偷看下一部电影。【时态】be going to do sth. 表示主观打算、准备或有信心做某事，强调事情已计划好并将按照计划来做；will do sth. 则多用于客观的情况,即客观上将要发生的事情.例如：I’m not going to ask her. 我不打算去问她. It will be rainy tomorrow. 明天会下雨.【单词】sneak 动词原形 [sneek][sni?k] vt. 偷偷摸摸做 vi. 偷偷地走；偷偷地做 n. 鬼鬼祟祟的人；潜行；溜 adj. 出其不意的；暗中进行的 sneaked / snuck sneaked /
As Betty walked up to the room where the movie was showing, she noticed that a man was checking for tickets.【译】当贝蒂走向放映电影的房间时，她注意到一个男人正在检票。【固定用法】up to ... 是多意短语，可能的意思主要有：“一直到”，“多达.../最多到”，“忙于…”，“正在做…”，“由…决定”等；当然如果前面是get等与up固定搭配的词，up是它的基本意思（向上的）；例句：She can count up to one hundred and backward. 她能数到一百然后再倒着数回来。Our history textbooks only go up to the World War Ⅱ. 我们的历史教科书仅写到第二次世界大战。The figures add up to 450. 这些数字加起来的总数是450。【单词】walked 原型：walk 动词过去式 [wawk][w??k] v. 步行；陪...走；散步；偷走；走过 n. 步行；散步；人行道【单词】noticed 原型：notice 动词过去式 ['noh-tis]['n??t?s] vt. 注意；留心；通知 n. 通知；注意；布告【单词】checking 原型：check 动词现在进行式或动名词 [chek][t?ek] v. 检查；阻止；核对；买单 n. 检查；阻碍；支票；账单；方格图案；(国际象棋)将军【单词】tickets 原型：ticket 名词复数形式 ['tik-it]['t?k?t] n. 票；券；标签；罚单；候选人名单 vt. 加标签于；售票；开罚单；检票，查验票证
Betty began to get nervous.【译】贝蒂开始紧张起来。【单词】began 原型：begin 动词过去式 [bih-'gin][b?'ɡ?n] v. 开始；着手【单词】nervous 形容词 ['nur-vuhs]['n??v?s] adj. 神经的，神经细胞的，神经性的；焦虑的；神经质的，紧张的，不安的；易兴奋的
Betty didn't have a ticket, but she really wanted to see this movie.【译】贝蒂没有票，但她真的很想看这部电影。【单词】ticket 名词 ['tik-it]['t?k?t] n. 票；券；标签；罚单；候选人名单 vt. 加标签于；售票；开罚单；检票，查验票证
She did not like the other two movies; she knew she was going to like this one, because her favorite actor was in it.【译】她不喜欢另外两部电影；她知道她会喜欢这部电影，因为她最喜欢的演员在里面。【单词】favorite 形容词 ['fey-ver-it, 'feyv-rit]['fe?v?r?t] adj. 喜爱的；流行的 n. 最喜爱的人或物；最有希望获胜的选手【单词】actor 名词 ['ak-ter]['?kt?] n. 演员；行动者
The man that was checking for tickets stopped Betty as she tried to pass him.【译】正在检票的那个人拦住了贝蒂，因为她试图通过他。【单词】pass 动词原形 [pas, pahs][pɑ?s] v. 通过；经过；度过；传递；发生 n. 通行证；及格；乘车券；传球；关隘，山口
He asked her for her ticket.【译】他向她要车票。
Betty didn't know what to do.【译】贝蒂不知道该怎么办。
The man was speaking in English, so Betty decided to speak in Spanish.【译】那人在说英语，所以贝蒂决定说西班牙语。【单词】speaking 原型：speak 动词现在进行式或动名词 [speek][spi?k] v. 讲；说话；演说；发言【单词】decided 原型：decide 动词过去式 [dih-'sahyd][d?'sa?d] v. 决定；判断；断定【单词】speak 动词原形 [speek][spi?k] v. 讲；说话；演说；发言【专有名词】English ['ing-glish or, often, -lish]['??ɡl??] n. 英语；英国人 adj. 英语的；英国人的；英国的【专有名词】Spanish ['span-ish]['sp?n??] adj. 西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的 n. 西班牙语；西班牙人
She told the man something in Spanish, and then walked off while she was still talking.【译】她用西班牙语告诉那个男人一些事情，然后趁她还在说话的时候走开了。
The man was confused, and he didn't know what to do.【译】那个男人很困惑，不知道该怎么办。【单词】confused 原型：confuse 动词过去分词 [kuhn-'fyooz][k?n'fju?z] vt. 使困惑；使混乱；混淆
Betty looked like she was mad at the man, so he didn't want to do anything else to get her even angrier.【译】贝蒂看起来像是生了那个男人的气，所以他不想做任何别的事让她更生气。【单词】mad 形容词 [mad][m?d] adj. 发疯的，发狂似的；狂热的；鲁莽的；着迷的；生气的；极度激动的【单词】angrier 名词 ['ang-gree]['??ɡri] adj. 生气的；愤怒的；（伤口等）肿痛的，发炎的；（天空或海洋）天昏地暗的，狂风暴雨的
He just let her go through.【译】他只是让她过去。
When Betty got to her seat, her heart was still beating fast.【译】贝蒂坐到座位上时，她的心还在跳。【单词】seat 名词 [seet][si?t] n. 座位；底座；席位；臀部；所在地 vt. 使坐下；可容纳 vi. 坐【单词】beating 原型：beat 动词现在进行式或动名词 [beet][bi?t] v. 打；打败；跳动；敲打；战胜 n. 拍子；敲打；心跳声 adj. 精疲力尽的 beat beaten /【单词】fast 副词 [fast, fahst][fɑ?st] adj. 快的；迅速的 adv. 快速地；紧紧地；放荡地；深深地
She started laughing.【译】她开始大笑。【单词】laughing 动词现在进行式或动名词 ['laf-ing, 'lah-fing]['lɑ?f??] n. 笑；笑声 adj. 可笑的；带笑的 动词laugh的现在分词形式.
She took a sip of soda and watched the movie in peace.【译】她喝了一小口苏打水，平静地看了那部电影。【单词】sip 名词 [sip][s?p] n. 啜饮 v. 啜饮；啜【单词】watched 原型：watch 过去分词做形容词 [woch][w?t?] v. 注视；看守；观看 n. 手表；监视；看守；值班【单词】peace 名词 [pees][pi?s] n. 和平；安静
dance—danced
link—linked
miss—missed
push---pushed
jump—jumped
laugh—laughed
climb—climbed
move—moved
change—changed
fool—fooled
plan---planned
rob—robbed
hate—hated
hand—handed
cheat—cheated
land---landed
seat—seated
decide—decided
stay—stayed
play—played
fry—fried
carry—carried
清读清：词尾除[t]外的清辅音，加-ed/-d，发清辅音[t]。
浊读浊：词尾除[d]外的浊辅音，加-ed/-d，发浊辅音[d]。
[t][d]后面读[?d]：词尾音为[t] [d]，加-ed/-d，发[?d]。
元音后面要发d：词尾是20个元音音素，加-ed/-d，发[d]。
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